How Wide Is a 1×6 in Construction in the USA?

Understanding the True Dimensions of a 1×6 Board

In construction and woodworking, a 1×6 board is a common dimensional lumber size used for trim, paneling, and structural applications. However, the actual width of a 1×6 is not exactly 6 inches due to the milling and finishing process.

Nominal vs. Actual Size

• Nominal Size: 1 inch x 6 inches
• Actual Size (S4S – Surfaced Four Sides): ¾ inch x 5½ inches

When lumber is cut from the log, it starts at its nominal size. However, after drying, planing, and surfacing, its final dimensions are reduced.

Common Applications of 1×6 Lumber in Construction

1. Interior and Exterior Trim

The 1×6 board is frequently used in architectural trim for both interior and exterior applications, including:

• Baseboards and window trim
• Crown molding and wainscoting
• Exterior fascia boards

2. Wall Paneling and Siding

Due to its wide profile, a 1×6 board is ideal for:

• Shiplap and tongue-and-groove wall paneling
• Board-and-batten siding
• Decorative wood ceilings

3. Decking and Fencing

The 1×6 dimension is commonly used in:

• Decking boards for porches and patios
• Fence pickets for privacy fencing
• Pergolas and decorative garden structures

4. Flooring and Stair Treads

• In rustic-style homes, 1×6 boards are used as wide plank flooring.
• They are also installed as stair treads and risers.

5. Shelving and Furniture

• Bookshelves, floating shelves, and built-in cabinetry
• Tabletops, benches, and DIY furniture projects

Types of Wood Used for 1×6 Boards

1. Pine

• Lightweight and affordable
• Easy to cut, stain, and paint
• Common for interior trim and paneling

2. Cedar

• Naturally resistant to decay and insects
• Ideal for outdoor applications like fencing and siding
• Has a pleasant aroma and rich grain pattern

3. Douglas Fir

• Strong and durable for structural applications
• Used in framing, staircases, and load-bearing structures
• Less prone to warping than pine

4. Oak and Hardwood Varieties

• High durability and rich natural grain
• Used for fine furniture, flooring, and cabinetry
• More expensive but provides a premium look

Pressure-Treated vs. Untreated 1×6 Lumber

1. Pressure-Treated 1×6

• Chemically treated to resist moisture, insects, and decay
• Used in exterior applications like decking and fencing
• More expensive than untreated wood

2. Untreated 1×6

• Used for indoor applications like trim, furniture, and paneling
• Requires sealing or staining for durability
• More cost-effective than pressure-treated wood

Fastening and Installation Tips for 1×6 Lumber

1. Choosing the Right Fasteners

• Finish nails or brad nails for interior trim and molding
• Wood screws for structural applications
• Galvanized or stainless-steel fasteners for outdoor use

2. Surface Finishing

• Sanding before painting or staining ensures a smooth finish
• Sealing or oiling outdoor 1×6 boards protects against moisture
• Priming before painting enhances durability

3. Accommodating Expansion and Contraction

• Wood naturally expands and contracts with humidity changes
• Leaving small gaps between boards prevents buckling

Cost of 1×6 Lumber in the USA

The price of 1×6 boards varies based on:

• Wood species (hardwood vs. softwood)
• Treatment type (pressure-treated vs. untreated)
• Regional availability and lumber market trends

Average Cost Per Linear Foot

• Pine 1×6: $1.50 – $3
• Cedar 1×6: $3 – $6
• Oak and Hardwood 1×6: $6 – $10
• Pressure-Treated 1×6: $2 – $4

Conclusion

A 1×6 board, with an actual width of 5½ inches, is a versatile and widely used lumber size in trim, paneling, decking, fencing, and furniture applications. Choosing the right wood type, fasteners, and finishing method ensures durability and longevity in both indoor and outdoor projects.

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